fourth-wave feminism

The other day I got into something of a literary dust-up with an author on Twitter who posted this:

tweet

Ayelet Waldman is responding to an article over at Salon, written by Meg Wolitzer, titled “Men Won’t Read Books about Women.” The reason I got into this particular dust-up was because I chose to tell Ms. Waldman that I, as a man,(1) do in fact read books about women. In fact, I make no conscious effort to read male-protagonist books over female-protagonist books, or vice versa. Mostly I’m just looking for a good story with believable characters that hopefully have something to tell me about life in general.

I sent my response as an honest show of support.

tweet2

I mentioned Tom Robbins because author Joe Hill had just mentioned a few other books that’d come to mind. Her response to my show of support was…not what I expected.

tweet3

That’s when I realized that I was dealing with a fourth-wave feminist. Let me explain.

The initial wave of feminism, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was centered largely around women’s suffrage.(2) Second-wave feminism began in roughly the 1970s and focused on much larger social issues, many of which we still deal with today: inequality in the workplace, reproductive rights, sexual agency, and several legal inequalities. Third-wave feminism began in roughly the 1990s and, rather than being centered around specific ideas or agendas it’s sort of a rally against the failures of and backlash against the second wave, especially the definition of femininity and the very notion of gender.(3)

So what is fourth-wave feminism?

Good question; I’m glad you asked. Fourth-wave feminism doesn’t really exist other than in my own head. I’ll forthrightly admit that I use it as a somewhat derisive term, but I’ll explain that in a few moments. Let me first explain what it is.

Each of the previous waves of feminism came along with other cultural theories and movements, which I won’t get into here so that your eyes don’t glaze over and get all dry because you’re so bored you’ve forgotten to blink.(4) Our culture is in a weird place right now because post-modernism is pretty much over and we’re sort of waiting for whatever comes next. At the same time, we’re self-aware enough to know we’re waiting for whatever’s next. and we’re aware that we’re aware of that. Plus we’re busybodies and so we keep trying to do work without a solid dominant theory to work with. Meaning we want to address certain things but don’t have a good theoretical grammar that fits into our culture right now.(5)

But there’s been a bit of a stirring over in the literature arena that might catch on. We don’t know what to call it, so we call it post-postmodernism.(6) In a way, it’s sort of a blend of lower-case-r realism with lower-case-h humanism. What it’s purportedly about is examining any cultural artifact with the goal of understanding a bit better the lives of actually real people.

This is what I call fourth-wave feminism: people who talk about social injustices not to solve the injustice, but to get people to understand what it’s like to live as a woman. They treat issues as cultural artifacts for other people to use in order to divine how different life lived as a woman form life lived as a man or anything else.

The reason Ms. Waldman was so dismissive about my owning Tom Robbins books was that she didn’t really care if I read books with female protagonists, despite her tweet. What she really wanted was for me – and others – to understand what it’s like to be a woman today.

tweet4

This tweet came just a few minutes after the first one and it’s what really set me off. To imply that I don’t trust women’s descriptions of their own experiences because I own Tom Robbins books is ridiculous. Ms. Waldman also talked about what it’s like in the publishing world for women and, you know what? I totally believe her. I have no reason not to. That’s how I roll. I don’t care if it’s a man, a woman, or someone in-between who tells me about their experience, I tend to believe them. I tend to trust their description because I don’t know.

I know technically what it’s like to be a man. As in: between my legs there are some body parts that sometimes get all bunched up or stuck to a thigh or whatever, and I can say that that’s pretty annoying. Beyond that, I’ve never had a lot in common with most men. But I don’t know what it’s like to be a women, a trans-gendered person, a homosexual, or any ethnicity other than white. Hell I don’t even know what it’s like to be skinny. Part of the reason I read books, as I mentioned earlier, is precisely to help me understand what it’s like to be someone other than myself, which is something I can never literally do.

Which is to say this: Ms. Waldman, I totally and completely trust you when you tell me what it’s like to be a woman. I trust female authors when they tell me. I trust female protagonists when they tell me. I trust my wife when she tells me. What makes me mistrust you is how you seemed to want to talk about one thing (women in books) and really wanted to talk about something else (women in life).

This is why I use the term fourth-wave feminist somewhat derisively. If you want to talk about feminist issues, let’s talk about them. But don’t use social injustice as a segue into telling me what it’s like to live as a woman. I will never, ever literally understand life as a woman.(7) I will listen to and I will trust and I will learn from women who really want to tell me. But if you’d rather get more men to buy books with female protagonists, well, I can’t do much to help other than not to be one of those men.(8)

Issues are not cultural artifacts. While they do of course affect the lives of women and others, they are not something from which one can distill the life of a very real person. Write a book. Paint a painting. Sculpt something. Make an artifact and I will happily engage in conversation with that artifact and perhaps come to some understanding or even enlightenment. That’s my favorite way to learn, as it would happen, which is precisely why, as a man, I own books with female protagonists.


  1. According to any strict definition anyway.
  2. Which sounds like a bad thing but actually is good.
  3. Hi. Bo here. Please please please understand that that paragraph was by necessity the most overviewiest of overviews. These synopses of very important cultural movements are not to undermine them in the least, but to set the audience (you) up to understand what I call fourth-wave feminism, which isn’t an actual movement but something I use to define a certain set of actions and an agenda I will in a moment describe for you. If the information I presented is incorrect, please let me know. If you’re upset at how little time I spent on it, understand that I did it for a larger purpose.
  4. It takes a certain kind of person to enjoy cultural theory. I am not quite that person, but I’m friends with lots of people who are. So I understand both the fascination and boredom with theory.
  5. Well and plus Deleuze is kinda tough to understand.
  6. While being horribly aware at how stupid that sounds.
  7. Even with surgery I wouldn’t understand it. I would only understand life as a trans-gendered woman. Or would I be a trans-gendered man? I’m not really sure which way that works.
  8. I will admit that I went back through the past ten years of lists (and yes, I keep lists of books I read every year) and discovered that only just about 30% of the books I’ve read were either by a female author or had a female protagonist. I’m a bit surprised by this number. My only defense is that I tend to re-read a lot; if I take every second- and third-reading (and more, sometimes) off the list, the number’s just about 50%.

answers and (re)solutions

Here are the answers to yesterday’s quiz:

1. The members of this fake band were later in another fake band called The Folksmen. Spinal Tap

2. This fake band, from the show Full House, was fronted by John Stamos’ character. Jesse & the Rippers

3. Referenced obliquely in the books, this fake band played in one of the films in the mega-hit franchise with a song call “Do the Hippogriff.” The Weird Sisters (from Harry Potter)

4. The only two members of this fake band who really sang on the albums were Shirley Jones and David Cassidy. The Partridge Family

5. The plot of this movie sees the main characters travel to a future in which their band, Wyld Stallyns, are worshipped. Bill & Ted’s Bogus Journey

6. The lead singer of this fake band appeared on “Late Night with Jimmy Fallon” in 2009 to perform the band’s signature song “Friends Forever.” Zack Attack (from “Saved by the Bell”)

7. Much like the Beatles, this fake band reunited on a rooftop for one final performance of their hit “Baby on Board.” The B Sharps (from “The Simpsons”)

8. This fake band was forced to play an even faker band at a film shoot. The fake band they were forced to play was called Cap’n Geech and the Shrimp Shack Shooters. The Wonders (from That Thing You Do)

9. This fake band was assembled for a 70s tv show, then became a real band. The Monkees

10. This fake band was fronted by record producer Jerrica Benton. Jem and the Holograms

11. It’s not George Clooney singing in this fake band, but bluegrass singer Dan Tyminski. The Soggy-Bottom Boys

In the category of totally unrelated news, this post represents 100 consecutive days of blogging. I’ve never run up a tally that great, and I’ll say I’ve enjoyed it. Resolving to blog every day has me looking at life a bit differently. And taking up an alternative view of life is always good for the spirit.

Also along with New Years resolutions, my resolve not to re-read any books this year has lead to me reading several authors I’ve never read before, such as Neil Gaiman, H.P. Lovecraft, and Richard Matheson.(1) I’ve also read a couple of newer authors: Erin Morgenstern and Gillian Flynn.(2) I’ve really enjoyed this experiment, though I’ll admit I really really want to re-read Thomas Pynchon’s Against the Day.(3) And in a few months it’ll be time to read Infinite Jest again. I might try supplanting that with Ulysses, which I’ve never been able to finish. I’ll just have to see what happens.


  1. Still on a serious horror kick.
  2. Oh Gone Girl. I liked you, then I loved you, then I didn’t like you anymore.
  3. I tried settling for The Crying of Lot 49 but was unsatisfied. The only Pynchon left I haven’t read is V, though he has a new book coming out in September.

awareness

Ashley and I did quite a bit today, starting with an “Easter” brunch with her family. Then to the park for some Easter egg hunting with the nephews. After a few hours at the park, she and I came home, packed up some of less essential home stuff, and made three trips to the storage unit.

And so basically I have nothing interesting for you today. Instead, here’s something I read whilst at the park. It’s from The Crying of Lot 49 by Thomas Pynchon.

For a couple of years he’d been a used car salesman and so hyperaware of what that profession had come to mean that working hours were exquisite torture to him. Mucho(1) shaved his upper lip every morning three times with, three times against the grain to remove any remotest breath of a mustache, new blades he drew blood invariably but kept at it; bought all natural-shoulder suits, then went to a tailor to have the lapels made yet more abnormally narrow, on his hair used only water, combing it like Jack Lemmon to throw them further off. The sight of sawdust, even pencil shavings, made him wince, his own kind being known to use it for hushing sick transmissions, and though he dieted he could still not as Oedipa(2) did use honey to sweeten his coffee for like all things viscous it distressed him, recalling too poignantly what is often mixed with motor oil to ooze dishonest into gaps between piston and cylinder wall. He walked out of a party one night because somebody used the word “cream puff,” it seemed maliciously, in his hearing. The man was a refugee Hungarian pastry cook talking shop, but there was your Mucho: thin-skinned.

This really cracked me up. There’s being self-aware, and then there’s being hyperaware. Being hyperaware is usually a bad thing. It’s the sort of thing in today’s culture that leads us to turn down the music in our cars when we enter our own neighborhood because we know we judge others by the same. But being privy to someone else being hyperaware, and the compulsions it drives him to, is usually hilarious. This is why we laugh when the bespeckled white guy turns down the gangsta rap.

As an over-weight, balding guy who often sweats uncontrollably, I am all too aware of being hyperaware.(3) It was nice for a moment to laugh at someone else in a similar plight.


  1. This is the name of the character: Wendell “Mucho” Maas.
  2. This is the name of the novel’s main character, Mucho’s wife: Oedipa Maas. It is perhaps the most Freudian name in all of literature.
  3. Which I suppose makes me hyper-hyperaware. Obviously, being self-aware is recursively dangerous. I’m aware of that too. And of course I’m aware of being aware of all of this. It’s ridiculous.

dharma bum

Today celebrates the birthday of one my favorite authors of all time: Jack Kerouac. Kerouac was born in Lowell, Mass. to a French-Canadian family in 1922. His given name was Jean-Louis, though his family usually called him Ti Jean - Little John. Strangely, that’s how I always think of him, Ti Jean, though we are not family.

KerouacHis writing, though, brings me into his life in a way that breeds that level of familiarity. I feel as though I’m with him in these subterranean jazz clubs, bopping along with the band, the boys, the girls. I feel wind-hardened and desolate atop a mountain in Washington through a long winter. I feel the joy of zipping across the nation, thumbing rides, accepting everyone and digging the scene.

In many, many ways, Kerouac is the most honest writer I’ve ever read. His honesty has helped me to understand some of my own choices in life, some of my own inclinations and predilections. His books and his words always help me to feel less lonely even during times when I don’t feel lonely at all.

I haven’t read all of his books yet. On purpose. I’m saving them so that, throughout my life, I can jump in and discover something new about him. So while Kerouac may have passed away many years ago, to me his is still very much alive. And will be for a very long time.

recommended read

This year I’m making a concerted effort not to re-read books. Like listening to the same bands or wearing the same pair of underwear over and over, re-reading the same books is comfortable but starts to wear on you after a while. Reading, after all, is an exploration. It’s a way of looking at reality and saying, “Yeah…but what else have you got?”

The Night Circus UKTo that end, when a friend of mine recommended The Night Circus by Erin Morgenstern, I grabbed a copy as soon as I could. I’m only about 80 pages into right now,(1) but I’m loving every single one of them. It’s a story of magic – real magic – and intrigue, a gentlemen’s wager, and hints at love. It’s a story more stitched together over time than given in straight exposition. So far, it’s brilliant.

So hie thee to thy neighborhood bookseller.(2) Pick up a copy of Ms. Morgenstern’s debut novel and enjoy.


  1. Roughly 20%
  2. Or, you know, Amazon. Whichever you can afford. I’d love to shop at local booksellers, but a) we only have one and it’s a used bookseller so finding new books is impossible, and b) new books are wildly expensive at online independent bookstores. Libraries, though, are always free!

pynchon in public

May 8th will be Pynchon in Public day. Here’s what that means, from the website:

Hereby instigating an annual May 8th culture jamming festival to be herein evidenced by photographic, textual, cartographic and video documentation. To prove it really happened, that our world was not projected.

Post horns, W.A.S.T.E. insignia, the novels of Thomas Pynchon read unashamedly on trains, while still sub rosa.

It is simple, it is inevitable, it has begun.

Twitter: @Pynchoninpublic and #Pynchon2012

Suggestions for the day itself:

1) Reading books, in public, by or about Thomas Pynchon.
2) Reading work of his ‘heirs’, such as David Foster Wallace, David Mitchell, Neal Stephenson and Dave Eggers.
3) Reading work of authors who have cited Pynchon as an influence. These include: Don DeLillo, Ian Rankin, William Gibson, Alan Moore, Bruce Sterling and David Cronenberg.
4) Reading any other work, for example Katie Price’s/Britney Spear’s latest biography, preferably with a sticker on the cover, ‘My Other Book Is A Thomas Pynchon’.
5) Organising a local version of the W.A.S.T.E. postal network, as described in ‘The Crying of Lot 49′.
6) Calling local radio stations, requesting they play ‘Gravity’s Rainbow’ by the Klaxons and other Pynchon-themed songs.
7) Organise a ‘Philately Gone Wild’ club night. Patrons could come dressed as their favourite Pynchon character, covered in mute post horn symbols in body paint or Weimar era cabaret stars.
8) Launching model V-2 rockets in an appropriate safe open area.
9) Post the muted posthorn everywhere (see below).
10) Take a hot-air balloon trip in honour of the Airship Boys in Against the Day. Openly carry a copy of the book as you do so.
11) Pledge to begin writing a Pynchon-influenced novel or short story.
12) Read The Education of Henry Adams in public.
13) Buttonhole strangers at random and explain to them the process of entropy.
14) Adopt a Pynchon character’s name for the day.
16) Register with www.bookcrossing.com then read and release Pynchon books on the 8th May.

MutedPosthorn I haven’t been this brand of excited since Infinite Summer.

bridge

For years I’ve pondered the etiology of my reading habit.(1) No one in my immediate family reads, or at least no one did back in the day. I had no one to turn to curiously and ask, “Whatchadoin?” No one saying, “Yes yes. Just let me get to the end of the page.” Reading is perhaps the one behavior/habit in my life I did not pick up or emulate from someone else.

Yet here I am: a full-grown human being who despite living in the most entertained nation on the globe, despite access to all manner of diversion, despite the constant erosion of time and attention-span…here I am: a person who makes time to read.

And I mean that. I do things like: get some reading done early in the morning and think Okay, got some reading done so now I can do less important things like shower, poop and eat; secretly sometimes hope Ashley wants to go shopping so I can sit on the sidelines and read; open a book after Thanksgiving dinner as others indulge in some tryptophan-induced slumber;(2) plan meals around having a free hand to turn pages; occasionally walk into street signs and garbage cans because I didn’t look up in time; take ‘bathroom breaks’ just to sit and read for a few minutes.

Technology doesn’t ease my longing to read. With a smartphone and the right app I can read literally anytime, anywhere, provided I’m awake. There’s nothing to stop me from grabbing a few quick sentences just like a heroin junkie rubbing some powder on his gums. I can have books read to me whilst I clean the house or corral six manic kittens. With today’s tech, the words avid reader are at a level previously unimagined.

But for all this, I never knew why. Why I started. Why I began always to keep a book with me. Why this morphed into keeping two books with me, and so on until my backpack was always kinda full. Why I forewent sleep to stay up under the covers with a flashlight. Why I always got a library card within the first week of moving to a new town.(3) Why I ate lunch alone often enough. Why I still do, and do so by choice.

This even explains why most non-fiction doesn’t keep my interest. Non-narrative non-fiction doesn’t have a chance with me. I’ll read pretty much anything but if it doesn’t tell a story I won’t make it to the end. And this despite a rampant curiosity and a fascination with details, minutia and motivations. I’ve said for a long time now, “I’d just rather learn about the real world through its fiction.”

Now I get it. Just now. Today. And it is this: I read fiction because, for me, fiction pushes back against the walls of loneliness.

For whatever reason – probably just my own neuro-chemical make-up – the world has always been a lonely place. Or, to put it more accurately, the world has always been made up of me and a bunch of people I don’t know how to connect with. Fiction bridges that disconnect. It gives me something made by another human being, something that took time, effort, pain and love to create, that I can understand. That I can relate to. That I can, myself, love.

Loving people is hard; loving what they make is far easier. And for whatever reason, I chose to love people through their stories. And so yeah. I guess that’s what it comes down to. For me.


  1. If using the word habit connotes addiction, know that it is intended to do so.
  2. Or lie calorically stupefied and inert on the living-room floor.
  3. I could never go on the lam; my whereabouts are always public record thanks to my need.

in which my love of fictional characters has somehow led to me following a fashion blog

Fashion and I have no legitimate use for each other. With rare exception, I’ve worn your basic t-shirt-and-jeans combo since just about after graduating from footie pajamas. Sometimes I vary the get-up with a button-down shirt. But I never tuck it in. Ever. And only every once in a great while do I go sort-of Lady Gaga by wearing shorts not made out of denim.

Fashion seems nice, though. I don’t have a problem with it; it’s just not something I care to spend my time on. Mostly I just ignore it. Which I’m sure is how fashion feels about me. Why cater to a fat guy in jeans, right? He’s comfortable as he’s going to get. There’s nothing fashion can do for him.

So it was with much surprise that I found myself incredibly involved in the following image:

Photo by Ben Ritter

This model is done up like Michael Pemulis, one of the main characters from David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest.(1) The yachting cap and the fact that he’s rolling a doobster is what tipped me off. Well, before I saw that the character’s name is right above the photo on the site.

Below the photo is a short of list of which brands he’s wearing, which is something I see more in celebrity magazines than at sites about fictional characters. There are stylist credits and casting credits and everything I that I suppose is typically listed at fashion blogs.

Not that I’d know.

Mr. Ritter has done a series of these, depicting other fictional characters. I’ll let you explore the site on your own if you like, but here are my other favorites:

Holden Caulfield. Photo by Ben Ritter.

Ignatius J. Reilly. Photo by Ben Ritter.

I especially like ol’ Ignatius here from A Confederacy of Dunces, a book that made me laugh a lot, mostly in self-defense. So go check out the site. If you love fictional character, I’m betting you’ll enjoy it. Or, you know, if you’re one of those people who like fashion. You might like it too.


  1. Which is also sometimes referred to as my favorite book ever and probably you should make sure there’s enough room in my casket for me to take my copy with me forever.

stalled

(1)

Between January and May this year I read sixteen books. That’s a lot for me. I spent entire evenings reading after dinner. I read a book in a single day, something I haven’t done I think since like high school.(2) I read books with the rate and passion I normally reserve for Christmas and for going to get ice cream.

Since the beginning of May, though…well, I’ve eaten a lot of ice cream. I’ve started-and-not-finished four different books. One of them twice. And I know the problem: I’ve been resisting.

As the average daily outside temperature goes up, so does my inclination to read the more difficult novels. The prevalence of beach- and summer-reading lists lead me to believe that this is pretty much the opposite of what most people do. But for a long time, both in high school and college, I was too busy during the regular semesters to read harder books. During the summer there was always plenty of time, as long as I kept the ice-cream runs to a minimum. Or found ice-cream stands that didn’t take long to get to.

My resistance this year is a little more specific. You see, most of what I’ve read so far has been books by authors new to me. John Green. I read The Hunger Games trilogy. A Game of Thrones. I also tackled two Thomas Pynchon books, and usually I can only take one of those per annum at best.

Now that it’s warm, though, I want to return to an old friend. I’m caught between that and an urge to carry on meeting new people. And I’ve tried. But I’ve failed.

Because all I really want to read is David Foster Wallace. I’ve read Infinite Jest every summer since 2007 and now it seems it’s just as much a part of my summer as peanut-butter-cup blizzards. Just as Christmas isn’t Christmas without the noise and clamor that is Trans-Siberian Orchestra, so summer, it seems, isn’t summer without the prolixity and insight that is Infinite Jest.

So today I’m giving in. Here now begins my sixth reading of a 981 page, well-worn, well-loved, book.(3)


  1. Probably could have gone without saying that I’d decided to take li’l break from social media for a while. This sort-of ‘always-on’ mentality these days refers not just to our devices but to our lives, as though social media allows every aspect of our lives to be constantly broadcast. Or at least those pieces we choose to broadcast. And sometimes it just freaks me out. A lot. Since participation in social media it completely at-will, sometimes I choose not to participate for a bit, until the batwings of paranoia once again settle themselves down. NB: I still really hate Facebook, but I do miss the connection it provides with various family members. So I’ve returned there as well. Though I still really hate it. Just to be clear.
  2. No wait. I once read all of J.D. Salinger’s books in a weekend. That would have been sometime in June, 2007. So still. Five years.
  3. Plus about 100 pages of end-notes.

wild

There are two people to whom the more innocent side of my imagination owe a great debt.

Today we lost one of them.

Mr. Sendak taught me that the Wild Things are just as real as they are scary. And that both qualities depend upon each other.

He also taught me to take care in where I escape to.

So to him I am indebted. I wish you well, Mr. Sendak, wherever the Wild Things find you.

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